Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Article Title: Injectable ROS-scavenging and NIR-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel for staphylococcus aureus-infected diabetic wound healing
doi: 10.1186/s12951-026-04306-4
Figure Lengend Snippet: Biological functionality and biocompatibility of the PTPM hydrogel. a ) Tube formation assay in HUVECs, demonstrating the strongest proangiogenic activity in the PTPM hydrogel group. b , c ) Quantitative analyses of branch number and total tube length further confirmed its superior vascularization potential( n = 3 per group). d ) Intracellular ROS levels in L929 fibroblasts cultured with different hydrogels revealed the most efficient ROS scavenging in the PTPM group, e , f ) supported by quantitative fluorescence intensity and area measurements. g ) Scratch-wound assays at 0 and 24 h indicated markedly enhanced cell migration with PTPM treatment( n = 3 per group), h ) corroborated by statistical analysis of migration rates( n = 3 per group). i ) Live/dead fluorescence staining of L929 cells on days 1, 3 and 5 showed excellent cytocompatibility across all groups, with the PTPM hydrogel promoting the greatest proliferation over time. j–l ) Quantitative assessments of fluorescence intensity, viability, and proliferation on days 1, 3 and 5 further verified enhanced cellular growth and biocompatibility in the PTPM group( n = 3 per group). m–p ) qPCR analysis of proinflammatory (IL-1, iNOS) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-4, CD206) demonstrated that the PTPM hydrogel most effectively suppressed inflammatory responses and promoted an anti-inflammatory phenotype( n = 3 per group). All data are presented as mean ± SD; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; ROS, reactive oxygen species; qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction; NS, normal saline; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; TSPBA, N¹-(4-boronobenzyl)-N³-(4-boronophenyl)-N¹,N¹,N³,N³-tetramethylpropane-1,3-diamine; PGS, Palygorskite; MoS₂, molybdenum disulfide; PT, PVA-TSPBA hydrogel; PTM, PVA-TSPBA@MoS₂ hydrogel; PTPM, PVA-TSPBA@PGS/MoS₂ hydrogel
Article Snippet: The murine fibroblast cell line L929 (Cat. No. CL-0137) and fetal bovine serum (FBS, Cat. No. 164210) were obtained from Wuhan Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).
Techniques: Tube Formation Assay, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Fluorescence, Migration, Staining, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Saline